Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (INO) Cash Flow Statement
Where INO’s cash came from and went, 2025
December 31, 2025 · U.S. dollars- Cash from operations
- −$88.6M
- Capital expenditures
- $285,698 437.2% of revenue
- Free cash flow
- −$88.9M −136,074.5% margin
- Returned to shareholders
- —
- Change in cash
- −$21.5M cash at year-end $44.3M
Cash from operations
−$88.6M
Investments (net)
+$14.3M
Shares issued
+$34.9M
Other financing
+$18.1M
Change in cash
−$21.5M
Drawn to scale: where the cash came from and how it was used. Hover for values.
INO operating cash flow, capex and free cash flow
Operating cash flowCapital expendituresFree cash flowFCF margin (right axis)
INO cash flow trends, 2016–2025
| Metric | Trend | Then | Latest | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operating cash flow | −$62.6M2016 | −$88.6M2025 | — | |
| Capital expenditures | $3.9M2016 | $285,6982025 | −25.3%/yr | |
| Free cash flow | −$66.5M2016 | −$88.9M2025 | — | |
| Free cash flow margin | −188.0%2016 | −136,074.5%2025 | −135,886.4 pts | |
| Stock-based compensation | $10.5M2016 | $3.8M2025 | −10.8%/yr | |
| Dividends paid | $02016 | $3.9M2020 | — | |
| Share buybacks (net) | $02016 | $1.4M2022 | — | |
| Capex / revenue | 11.1%2016 | 437.2%2025 | +426.1 pts |
Change is the average annual growth (CAGR) or the difference between the first and latest year.
INO cash flow by activity
OperatingInvestingFinancingChange in cash
INO net income vs operating cash flow
Net incomeOperating cash flow
Operating cash flow above net income usually means earnings are backed by cash (depreciation and stock-based pay are non-cash expenses).
INO cash flow statement
| 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operating activities | ||||||||||
| Net income | −$84.9M | −$107.3M | −$135.1M | −$279.8M | −$303.7M | −$167.5M | −$120.6M | −$97.0M | −$88.2M | −$73.7M |
| Depreciation & amortization | $3.0M | $3.1M | $3.5M | $5.5M | $4.7M | $4.6M | $5.5M | $5.0M | $3.5M | $3.1M |
| Stock-based compensation | $3.8M | $6.6M | $11.1M | $22.6M | $26.3M | $15.6M | $10.9M | $10.7M | $13.1M | $10.5M |
| Change in working capital | −$9.2M | −$2.7M | −$10.3M | $19.8M | $50.4M | −$71.1M | −$3.5M | $4.7M | $2.9M | −$546,161 |
| Other non-cash items | −$1.2M | −$3.9M | $6.4M | $15.7M | $6.5M | $40.3M | $9.8M | $3.1M | $5.6M | −$1.8M |
| Cash from operating activities | −$88.6M | −$104.1M | −$124.4M | −$216.2M | −$215.7M | −$178.0M | −$97.9M | −$73.6M | −$63.2M | −$62.6M |
| Investing activities | ||||||||||
| Capital expenditures | −$285,698 | −$487,832 | −$320,898 | −$969,153 | −$1.2M | −$1.5M | −$987,926 | −$2.1M | −$10.3M | −$3.9M |
| Investments (net) | $14.3M | $104.1M | $121.4M | $112.6M | −$174.1M | −$93.2M | −$8.1M | $44.5M | −$18.5M | $19.2M |
| Acquisitions & other investing | $0 | $487,832 | −$33.7M | −$2.0M | $0 | $36.0M | $0 | $0 | $1.0M | $1.0M |
| Cash from investing activities | $14.0M | $104.1M | $87.4M | $109.6M | −$175.3M | −$58.8M | −$9.0M | $42.4M | −$27.8M | $16.3M |
| Financing activities | ||||||||||
| Dividends paid | — | — | — | — | — | −$3.9M | −$93.2M | — | $0 | $0 |
| Share repurchases & issuance (net) | — | — | — | −$1.4M | −$4.6M | −$4.0M | −$892,928 | −$611,610 | $94.3M | $4.30T |
| Net borrowing (repayment) | $0 | −$16.4M | $0 | $0 | $0 | $171,620 | $94.1M | $97.4M | $97.4M | $97.4M |
| Shares issued | $34.9M | $36.0M | $10.3M | $83.0M | $209.4M | $454.5M | $9.1M | $29.2M | $0 | $0 |
| Other financing | $18.1M | $31.9M | −$5.3M | $283,022 | $6.7M | $18.5M | $96.3M | −$95.0M | −$96.1M | −$4.30T |
| Cash from financing activities | $53.1M | $51.5M | $5.0M | $81.8M | $211.5M | $465.3M | $105.4M | $31.0M | $95.7M | $7.8M |
| Summary | ||||||||||
| Net change in cash | −$21.5M | $51.5M | −$32.0M | −$24.8M | −$179.6M | $228.5M | −$1.5M | −$92,946 | $4.7M | −$38.5M |
| Cash at end of period | $44.3M | $65.8M | $14.3M | $46.3M | $71.1M | $250.7M | $22.2M | $23.7M | $23.8M | $19.1M |
| Free cash flow | −$88.9M | −$104.6M | −$124.7M | −$217.2M | −$216.9M | −$179.5M | −$98.8M | −$75.6M | −$73.5M | −$66.5M |
| Free cash flow margin | −136,074.5% | −48,019.1% | −14,986.2% | −2,116.3% | −12,223.6% | −2,422.0% | −2,403.7% | −248.1% | −174.1% | −188.0% |
| Capex / revenue | 437.2% | 224.0% | 38.6% | 9.4% | 69.4% | 20.5% | 24.0% | 6.8% | 24.4% | 11.1% |
| Jun '26 | Mar '26 | Dec '25 | Sep '25 | Jun '25 | Mar '25 | Dec '24 | Sep '24 | Jun '24 | Mar '24 | Dec '23 | Sep '23 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operating activities | ||||||||||||
| Net income | −$6.0M | −$19.7M | $3.8M | −$45.5M | −$23.5M | −$19.7M | −$19.4M | −$87.8M | −$32.2M | −$30.5M | −$25.0M | −$33.9M |
| Depreciation & amortization | $765,886 | $745,464 | $754,054 | $749,656 | $741,670 | $743,450 | $775,829 | $765,858 | $828,625 | $759,730 | $175,227 | $1.0M |
| Stock-based compensation | $1.47B | $698,744 | $764,561 | $757,086 | $834,792 | $1.4M | $1.3M | $5.3M | $1.5M | $2.5M | $2.3M | $2.1M |
| Change in working capital | −$171,667 | −$1.5M | −$3.8M | −$730,428 | $94,358 | −$4.8M | −$731,046 | −$2.9M | $1.8M | −$851,252 | −$2.1M | −$7.4M |
| Other non-cash items | −$1.48B | −$1.8M | −$20.8M | $23.1M | $1.0M | −$4.5M | −$1.6M | $272,366 | −$91,738 | −$723,996 | −$1.6M | $9.1M |
| Cash from operating activities | −$18.0M | −$21.6M | −$19.4M | −$21.6M | −$20.8M | −$26.9M | −$19.7M | −$84.4M | −$28.2M | −$28.8M | −$26.3M | −$29.1M |
| Investing activities | ||||||||||||
| Capital expenditures | −$3 | −$4 | −$127,444 | −$67,951 | −$30,930 | −$59,373 | −$1 | −$487,832 | −$452,254 | −$35,578 | −$320,898 | −$2 |
| Investments (net) | $6.1M | $2.6M | $69,255 | $8.9M | $5.3M | −$51,753 | $34.6M | $14.1M | $10.0M | $45.4M | $19.9M | −$5.5M |
| Acquisitions & other investing | $3 | $4 | $0 | $67,951 | $30,930 | $59,373 | $1 | $69.36B | $452,254 | $35,578 | $320,898 | $2 |
| Cash from investing activities | $6.1M | $2.6M | −$58,189 | $8.9M | $5.3M | −$51,753 | $34.6M | $69.37B | $10.0M | $45.4M | $19.9M | −$5.5M |
| Financing activities | ||||||||||||
| Share repurchases & issuance (net) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $456,996 | — |
| Net borrowing (repayment) | — | — | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | — | — | — | — |
| Shares issued | $3.2M | $1.1M | $26.6M | $7.2M | $0 | $1.1M | $13.1M | $667,066 | $17.1M | $5.2M | $1.8M | $708,283 |
| Other financing | $13.9M | −$130,237 | $513,321 | $17.7M | −$34,777 | −$74,219 | $16.1M | −$6,418 | $16.0M | −$16.6M | −$456,996 | −$9,650 |
| Cash from financing activities | $17.2M | $953,790 | $27.1M | $24.9M | −$34,777 | $1.0M | $29.1M | $660,648 | $33.0M | −$11.4M | $1.8M | $698,633 |
| Summary | ||||||||||||
| Net change in cash | $5.3M | −$18.0M | $7.7M | $12.2M | −$15.6M | −$25.9M | $44.1M | −$12.7M | $14.8M | $5.3M | −$4.5M | −$33.9M |
| Cash at end of period | $31.5M | $26.3M | $44.3M | $36.6M | $24.4M | $39.9M | $65.8M | $21.7M | $34.4M | $19.6M | $14.3M | $18.8M |
| Free cash flow | −$18.0M | −$21.6M | −$19.5M | −$21.6M | −$20.8M | −$26.9M | −$19.7M | −$84.4M | −$28.7M | −$28.8M | −$26.0M | −$29.1M |
| Free cash flow margin | — | — | — | — | — | −41,218.5% | −16,807.6% | — | −28,444.9% | — | −25,284.6% | −7,494.1% |
| Capex / revenue | — | — | — | — | — | 90.9% | 0.0% | — | 448.8% | — | 312.6% | 0.0% |
| Operating cash flow / net income | — | — | −5.15 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
Negative numbers are cash paid out. Quarterly columns are labeled by the month the quarter ended. Figures in U.S. dollars as reported; data from EODHD.
INO cash generation
In fiscal 2025 (ended December 31, 2025), Inovio Pharmaceuticals generated -$88.6 million of cash from operations and spent $0.3 million on capital expenditures, leaving free cash flow of -$88.9 million, −136,074.5% of revenue. Cash and equivalents fell by $21.5 million over the year.
Related: INO income statement, INO balance sheet. See the INO stock overview for the latest quote and news.
INO cash flow FAQ
What is Inovio Pharmaceuticals's free cash flow?
Inovio Pharmaceuticals's free cash flow was -$88.9 million in fiscal 2025: -$88.6 million of operating cash flow minus $0.3 million of capital expenditures It was -$104.6 million a year earlier..
How much cash does Inovio Pharmaceuticals generate from operations?
Inovio Pharmaceuticals generated -$88.6 million of cash from operating activities in fiscal 2025.
How much does Inovio Pharmaceuticals spend on capital expenditures?
Inovio Pharmaceuticals spent $0.3 million on capital expenditures in fiscal 2025, 437.2% of revenue, compared with $0.5 million the year before.