SAP SE (SAP) Key Metrics
SAP key metrics, 2016–2025
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 · eurosSAP returns How much profit the business earns on the capital it uses.
SAP financial health Debt, liquidity and how easily interest is covered.
SAP efficiency & capital use Working capital cycle and where the cash goes.
SAP returns on capital
Net income (ROE, ROA) or after-tax operating income (ROIC) divided by the average of the opening and closing balance.
SAP debt vs cash
Debt includes short- and long-term borrowings and, where reported, lease liabilities.
SAP cash returned to shareholders
SAP key metrics in euros
2016–2025| 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Returns & profitability | ||||||||||
| Return on equity (ROE) | 15.9% | 7.1% | 14.7% | 5.6% | 14.8% | 17.0% | 11.1% | 15.0% | 15.4% | 14.7% |
| Return on invested capital (ROIC) | 15.6% | 7.2% | 9.3% | 9.1% | 12.1% | 12.6% | 9.4% | 14.3% | 13.8% | 13.0% |
| Return on assets (ROA) | 9.9% | 4.4% | 8.7% | 3.2% | 8.1% | 8.7% | 5.9% | 8.7% | 9.2% | 8.5% |
| Return on tangible assets | 18.3% | 7.8% | 16.7% | 6.5% | 14.6% | 19.0% | 12.5% | 16.6% | 22.0% | 21.1% |
| Free cash flow margin | 22.9% | 12.9% | 17.5% | 16.2% | 20.1% | 23.3% | 9.7% | 11.5% | 16.1% | 16.4% |
| Income quality (OCF / net income) | 1.28 | 1.67 | 1.02 | 2.47 | 1.18 | 1.40 | 1.05 | 1.05 | 1.26 | 1.27 |
| Financial health | ||||||||||
| Total debt | €8.07B | €10.65B | €8.79B | €13.09B | €15.21B | €15.46B | €13.67B | €11.30B | €6.59B | €8.29B |
| Cash & short-term investments | €9.77B | €11.24B | €11.28B | €9.70B | €11.66B | €6.95B | €5.61B | €9.07B | €5.00B | €4.83B |
| Net debt | −€1.70B | −€587.0M | −€2.49B | €3.39B | €3.55B | €8.52B | €8.06B | €2.23B | €1.59B | €3.47B |
| Debt / equity | 0.18 | 0.23 | 0.20 | 0.33 | 0.37 | 0.52 | 0.44 | 0.39 | 0.26 | 0.31 |
| Debt / assets | 0.11 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.18 | 0.21 | 0.26 | 0.23 | 0.22 | 0.16 | 0.19 |
| Net debt / EBITDA | −0.14 | −0.09 | −0.35 | 0.54 | 0.34 | 0.91 | 1.17 | 0.30 | 0.24 | 0.54 |
| Current ratio | 1.17 | 1.12 | 1.41 | 1.06 | 1.24 | 1.17 | 1.05 | 1.58 | 1.17 | 1.19 |
| Quick ratio | 1.17 | 1.12 | 1.42 | 1.06 | 1.21 | 1.17 | 1.05 | 1.58 | 1.17 | 1.19 |
| Interest coverage | 7.0 | 4.5 | 7.4 | 14.9 | 21.7 | 18.7 | 7.6 | 13.6 | 16.9 | 19.8 |
| Working capital | €3.01B | €2.32B | €5.93B | €1.07B | €3.91B | €2.23B | €751.0M | €6.13B | €1.72B | €1.89B |
| Invested capital | €43.05B | €44.85B | €40.67B | €43.57B | €45.08B | €38.23B | €38.80B | €31.06B | €27.13B | €29.85B |
| Tangible asset value | €13.94B | €11.96B | €11.82B | €5.94B | €6.47B | −€1.40B | −€2.83B | €1.91B | €1.30B | −€715.0M |
| Net current asset value | −€4.87B | −€6.91B | −€4.35B | −€10.79B | −€9.60B | −€13.47B | −€14.18B | −€6.00B | −€5.03B | −€6.35B |
| Capital allocation | ||||||||||
| Dividends paid | €2.74B | €2.56B | €2.40B | €2.87B | €2.18B | €1.86B | €1.79B | €1.67B | €1.50B | €1.38B |
| Share buybacks (net) | €1.94B | €2.11B | €949.0M | €1.50B | €0 | €1.49B | €442.0M | €0 | €500.0M | €0 |
| Dividend payout ratio | 38.3% | 82.1% | 39.0% | 125.4% | 41.5% | 36.2% | 53.9% | 40.9% | 37.4% | 37.8% |
| Dividends + buybacks / free cash flow | 55.6% | 105.9% | 61.2% | 91.5% | 40.2% | 52.6% | 83.3% | 58.8% | 53.0% | 38.0% |
| Capex / revenue | 2.0% | 2.3% | 2.5% | 3.0% | 3.0% | 3.0% | 3.0% | 5.9% | 5.4% | 4.5% |
| Capex / operating cash flow | 8.1% | 15.3% | 12.6% | 15.5% | 12.9% | 11.3% | 23.4% | 33.9% | 25.3% | 21.6% |
| Capex / depreciation | 0.56 | 0.62 | 0.57 | 0.46 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.44 | 1.07 | 1.00 | 0.79 |
| Stock-based compensation / revenue | 4.6% | 7.0% | 7.1% | 8.8% | 10.4% | 4.0% | 6.6% | 3.4% | 4.8% | 3.6% |
| R&D / revenue | 18.0% | 19.1% | 20.3% | 20.6% | 19.6% | 16.3% | 15.6% | 14.7% | 14.3% | 13.8% |
| SG&A / revenue | 28.6% | 30.8% | 32.7% | 31.3% | 29.8% | 31.0% | 33.8% | 31.9% | 34.1% | 33.0% |
| Efficiency | ||||||||||
| Days sales outstanding | 74.4 | 79.1 | 75.2 | 78.9 | 93.3 | 101.6 | 99.8 | 95.0 | 93.6 | 96.3 |
| Days of inventory on hand | — | — | -7.9 | — | 29.7 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Days payables outstanding | 80.8 | 74.5 | 82.7 | 84.6 | 74.5 | 68.2 | 67.1 | 64.6 | 56.1 | 52.9 |
| Cash conversion cycle (days) | -6.4 | 4.6 | -15.4 | -5.7 | 48.5 | 33.4 | 32.7 | 30.4 | 37.5 | 43.4 |
| Receivables turnover | 4.90 | 4.62 | 4.86 | 4.63 | 3.91 | 3.59 | 3.66 | 3.84 | 3.90 | 3.79 |
| Payables turnover | 4.52 | 4.90 | 4.42 | 4.31 | 4.90 | 5.35 | 5.44 | 5.65 | 6.51 | 6.90 |
| Inventory turnover | — | — | — | — | 12.28 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Asset turnover | 0.51 | 0.48 | 0.44 | 0.41 | 0.42 | 0.46 | 0.49 | 0.53 | 0.54 | 0.51 |
| Average receivables | €7.50B | €7.40B | €6.43B | €6.38B | €6.89B | €7.61B | €7.53B | €6.43B | €6.01B | €5.82B |
| Average payables | €2.21B | €1.89B | €1.96B | €1.86B | €1.47B | €1.47B | €1.54B | €1.32B | €1.08B | €954.0M |
| Average inventory | — | — | −€187.0M | — | €588.0M | — | €0 | €0 | — | — |
| Intangibles / total assets | 44.5% | 45.7% | 46.2% | 51.2% | 49.3% | 53.6% | 55.9% | 52.4% | 57.0% | 61.1% |
Computed from SAP's annual financial statements (latest annual report filed December 31, 2025) and the closing share price on each fiscal year-end, adjusted for stock splits. Figures in euros; data from EODHD. Averages use the opening and closing balance of each year.
SAP valuation and financial ratios
SAP earned a return on equity of 15.9% and a return on invested capital of 15.6% in fiscal 2025. It ended the year with €8.1 billion of debt and €9.8 billion in cash and short-term investments, a net cash position of €1.7 billion. It returned €4.7 billion to shareholders: €2.7 billion in dividends and €1.9 billion in share buybacks, 56% of free cash flow.
See the SAP income statement, the SAP chart for price history, or the SAP stock overview for the latest quote and news.
SAP key metrics FAQ
What is SAP's return on equity?
SAP's return on equity (ROE) was 15.9% in fiscal 2025: net income of €7.2 billion on average shareholders' equity of €45.1 billion.
What is SAP's ROIC?
SAP's return on invested capital was 15.6% in fiscal 2025, using after-tax operating income divided by average debt plus equity minus cash.
How much debt does SAP have?
SAP had total debt of €8.1 billion at the end of fiscal 2025, a debt-to-equity ratio of 0.18 and more cash than debt.
Does SAP buy back its shares?
Yes. SAP spent €1.9 billion on net share repurchases in fiscal 2025.
What is SAP's current ratio?
SAP's current ratio was 1.17 at the end of fiscal 2025: current assets were 1.17 times current liabilities.